Reducing carbon emissions from roads, railways and shipping requires implementing a range of solutions simultaneously.
None of these solutions are sufficient on their own.
In 2030, the sale of new diesel and petrol passenger carswill be outlawedin the UK.
The future of passenger motoring will be electric.
But recentproblems supplying partsand thehigh carbon cost of manufacturingelectric vehicles could delay the climate benefits of this transition.
From Venus to vehicle exhausts
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Our group studies the effects of meteoric material (dust arriving from space) in atmospheres.
An iron silicate powder we made which replicates this dustcan speed upthe conversion of CO to CO2.
Catalytic converters turn toxic gases generated in petrol and diesel engines into safer alternatives.
Poor air quality from vehicle exhausts coststens of thousands of lives annually.
This is when vehicles emit the most NO2 often in traffic jams where the most polluted air can accumulate.
For example, the natural gas fuel in industrial furnacesis likely to be replacedwith hydrogen.
